Drug prescription; Impact of age-related physiological changes on drug selection; drugs, in particular anticholinergics, psychoactive drugs, anticoagulants, analgesics, hypoglycemic and cardiovascular, specifying the problems for the different classes; discuss the potential and possible adverse effects, interactions, dosages and compliance issues.
Cognitive and behavioral disorders; Illustrates and differentiates the clinical presentation of delirium, dementia and depression, formulates the differential diagnosis and proposes the relevance of the initial assessment in a patient with cognitive impairment; Define the diagnostic paths and causes of delirium in an elderly subject; Evaluates the cognitive performance of an elder who has problems with memory and performance.
Self-care and self-management skills; Evaluate and establish the functional capabilities of the elderly; Develop a plan to treat and manage the elderly with functional problems, including adaptation interventions and involving an interdisciplinary team made up of appropriate disciplines.
Geriatric syndromes; falls, balance and gait disturbances; Verification of falls in the last year; observes the elderly while he gets up from his chair and while he is walking or moving; interprets the acquired finds; In the elderly who fell, propose a differential diagnosis (syncope, stroke, etc.) to interpret the causes and to carry out an intervention plan based on the data of the clinical history, the physical examination and the functional evaluation; evaluate the consequences (S.I, fracture of the femur, pelvis, bedsores etc.).
Health and care promotion and planning; Identify clinical situations in which life expectancy, functional status, patient preferences and treatment goals may prevail over current recommendations. Atypical presentation of diseases; Identify age-related physiological changes for each organ and their impact on the patient in terms of reducing homeostatic reserves (homeostenosis).
Palliative care; Evaluate the pain and treat it properly; identifies other symptoms as goals of the therapies and the need for assistance in that specific case; Discuss and illustrate palliative care (including hospice) by describing it as a positive option for the patient.
Hospital care for the elderly; Describe the risks of hospitalization of the elderly: immobility, delirium, adverse effects of drugs, malnutrition, bedsores, instrumental procedures, perioperative period, infections and thrombosis; Illustrates the risks, indications, alternatives and contraindications of bladder catheterization in the old; Explains the risks of physical and pharmacological restraint systems.