Chemistry and Biochemistry Program

Elements of chemistry

Matter, Atoms and molecules, Atomic model, Periodic system, Bonds (ionic, covalent, metallic), Aggregation states of matter, Solutions (concentration, osmotic pressure, osmolarity), Acidity and pH (buffer solutions).
Oxidation numbers in atoms and molecules (in particular of C).

Elements of Organic Chemistry

Characteristic of carbon derivatives (hydrocarbons, aromatic compounds), bonds sp3, sp2, sp. Functional groups (alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, ethers, acetals, hemiacetals, ketals, haemichets, amides, amines.) Mixed functions (keto acids, amino acids, hydroxy acids) Aromatic compounds (benzene, purines, pyrimidines).

Biomolecules

Polyalcohols with a carbonyl function (glucides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, glycogen, maltodextrin, starches, cellulose). Aldosis, Ketosis, Stereogenicity of anomeric carbon (L; D / R; S). Protidi (amino acids, peptide bond, proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary structure). Lipids (saturated, unsaturated, glycerol, triglycerides, reserve and membrane lipids, cholesterol, steroid hormones)

Bioenergetics principles

Free energy (ΔG ° / ΔG) at T and P Constants. Additivity principle, ATP / ADP energy, cellular free energy reserves (phosphocreatine, NAD + / NADH, FAD / FADH2 involvement in anabolic-catabolic reactions). Krebs cycle, mitochondria and oxidative phosphorylation. Electron transport chain,

Enzymes

Biological catalysts, Specificity, Adjustability, Cofactors, Coenzymes, prestetico group, apoenzyme, holoenzyme). Classification (Oxidoreductase, Transferase, Hydrolase, Liasis, Ligase isomerase)

Carbohydrate metabolism

Glucose entry into cells, Glycolysis, Regulation of glycolysis, entry into the Krebs cycle, fate of pyruvate (lactate conversion), Gluconeogenesis, extra-mitochondrial oxidation of glucose, metabolism of alcohol.

Metabolism of lipids.

Absorption, blood transport, β-oxidation of fatty acids. Metabolism of ketone bodies.
Special biochemistry: metabolism of the eye and mechanism of vision.

Bioengineering program

Introduction to measurement.
Nature and presentation of the Biomedical signals.
Examples of biomedical signals.
Continuous and discrete signals.
Periodic signals.
Spontaneous and induced signals.
Types of signals in the time domain.
Systems and signals.
Processing of biomedical signals.
Acquisition, processing and interpretation of biomedical signals.
Digital signal.
The sampling of the analogue signal.
A/D conversion.
Change of the signal from the time domain to frequency domain.
Sampling rate.
Nyquist theorem and sampling.
Aliasing problem.
Signal quantization.
Encoding and resolution.
Quantization error.
Signal to noise ratio.
The spectrum of a signal.
Filtering of a signal.
Types of filters and their operation.
Digital images, features and parameters.
Computer networks.
Client-Server Model.
Networks Classification.
Network Protocols.
Email.