DESCRIPTIVE GEOMETRY

Single discipline educational activity

Course Sheet

Course code:

AI634

Academic Year of enrolment:

2022

Year of supply:

2022/2023

Type of Course:

Basic

Degree:

Course of Single Cycle Degree 5 years in ARCHITECTURE

Disciplinary Sector:

Design

Location:

PESCARA

Divisions:

Gruppo A - Professor: TUNZI Pasquale
Gruppo B - Professor: CAFFIO Giovanni

Credits:

Programme Year:

Cycle:

First semester

Obligatory attendance:

Yes

Hours of classroom activity:

100

Individual study hours:

150

Prerequisites:

Elementary knowledge of the three basic geometric models. Knowledge of Drawing and fundamental periods of western history. Familiarity with the use of the computer and basic skills in using computer and common softwares.

Objectives

Knowledge and understanding of:
1. Basic concepts of drawing (both freehand and with the use of equipment)
2. Scientific fundamentals in the context of architectural representation

The teaching aims to approach manual drawing and the exercise of the technical design. In the first case, the drawing from the reality is contemplated (the perceptual act and graphic translation), while the other concerns the application procedures that derive from the theoretical principles of Descriptive Geometry. The four aforementioned classic models will therefore be addressed, considered in the field of the history of Architectural Representation and according to the subsequent teachings relating to architectural detection and project drawing. The latter will apply the technical procedures and standards that guide the executive documents according to the official indications. Among the further objectives of the teaching we mention the study of Elementary Geometry and the Theory of Shadows with applications. In addition, the digital design will face through the use of some software that will allow you to approach an alternative way to the traditional graphic representation.

Contents

Teaching aims to learn the scientific foundations of representation, namely the study of the theory and applications of Descriptive Geometry, with particular reference to its 4 traditional methods - orthogonal projections, axonometric projections, perspectives, quoted projections -, considered within the History of Architectural Representation and according to the teachings relating to architectural detection and project drawing.
The further objectives of teaching includes the study of Elementary Geometry, Shadow theory, and digital drawing.

Extended Syllabus

The "Architectural Design Area" includes those disciplines inherent to the SSD ICAR 17 Design. In the disciplinary organization of the Degree in Architecture they are distributed in the first three years to converge on the 5th year in the Degree Laboratory “Conservation and Representation Project” (20 credits).
The course consists of the integration of two modules: Descriptive Geometry and Digital Drawing.
The first module is the foundation of the disciplines of graphic-visual representation, and is the basis for all the others in which drawing is an expressive and communicative means of visual thought in Architecture. His studio offers the tools, procedures and methods of representation both to develop the project from scratch and for the knowledge and documentation of what exists.
The second module introduces the student to digital representation, through the use of software dedicated to technical drawing, modeling, photo editing and visual representation.

Descriptive geometry
This module is the backbone of the entire course, therefore it is carried out in eight hours per week dedicated to the theoretical aspects of Projective Geometry. The study of scientific principles and methods will allow students to appropriate geometric models and to be able to manage them in areas where the representation of both real and ideal architectural space is required. Descriptive Geometry is the indispensable medium for the architect to understand the existing space and to visualize ideas by developing analog and digital representations.
_ Summary of topics
1) The elements of the technical drawing (conventional signs, scales of representation)
2) Geometric entities and fundamental operations (construction of elementary figures)
3) The model of cylindrical projections: double orthogonal projections (even with inclined planes)
4) The model of cylindrical projections: axonometries (orthogonal and oblique)
5) The model of conical projections: perspectives (front and corner)
6) The theory of shadows (in D.P.O., Axonometry, Perspective)
7) The digital design of simple architectures.
8) Graphic-visual representations in the course of Western history.
9) Life drawing of buildings.

Tipi di traduzione
Traduzione del testo
Testo di origine
An important aspect of Carter's work was a series of more than 200 papers published in the Gentleman's Magazine between 1798 and his death in 1817[6] as "Pursuits of Architectural Innovation". These papers partly consist of a series of attacks on contemporaries engaged in the restoration of buildings and monuments.[1] During this period – dominated by the Napoleonic wars – Carter appealed to the patriotism of his audience in his advocacy of the Gothic, by portraying the English Middle Ages, as a time of national glory and enlightened patronage, culminating in the reign of Edward III.[2] The articles were signed simply "An Architect", but Carter's authorship could not be concealed.[1]
2.723 / 5.000
Risultati della traduzione
The aforementioned topics will be applied by the students on exercises which, together with those to be developed at home weekly (a table for each topic made with the teams and pencil on A3 cardboard), will be organized in a personal portfolio and delivered to the exam in paper format. A3. At the conclusion of the lessons of each of the models, the students will be asked to verify what has been assumed, through graphic-theoretical exercises, bearing in mind that the respective evaluations support the final interview.
In addition, three tables on the three models applied to a contemporary architecture building will be presented at the exam, agreed with the teacher. Of this building, plans, elevations and sections with a graphic scale will have to be created and two quoted tables on the computer, a D.P.O., an axonometry with shadows and a perspective with shadows. For the success of the exam, weekly reviews of the papers and clarifications on the theoretical parts will be available. The contact between teacher and learner, as well as by e-mail, also takes place through the University website:
http://elearning.unich.it/course/view.php?id=141
and the Microsoft Teams platform.
It should be noted that both courses are coordinated with those of Architectural Composition 1, Materials and Design of Building Elements and History of Architecture 1.

History of Representation
Course A will devote a few hours to a better understanding of representative models by knowing the ways of visualizing Architecture and the City produced by various cultures. The History of Representation module addresses the different aspects of graphic language (methods, techniques, symbolic and iconic values, etc.) in the historical evolution of project communication. The representations of the Masters of architecture will be critically analyzed to make the student architect aware of the codes of representation in relation to the methods and techniques used.
All this leads to understanding the semantic, semiological and paradigmatic value of representation in its socio-cultural context, and to consider the aesthetic evolution in relation to the expressive needs of a given moment. In this regard, it is necessary to exercise in the field of the perception of space, with sketches from life that allow you to use the hand and the eye in the transcription of the visible.
The student will have to close his experience on representation with an illustrated critical essay whose theme pertains to the subject of study agreed for the graphic elaboration of the project tables.

Digital Drawing
The digital drawing module introduces the info-graphic representation, through the use of software dedicated to technical drawing, modeling, photo editing and visual representation. This module will be developed on a theoretical and practical level to allow for a more current one
graphic-visual communication of the architectural representation, in order to facilitate understanding of the spatial aspects of the building. The exercise with some software, of drawing, photo retouching and layout, will help to carry out the final tables of the architectural building in D.P.O., Axonometry and Perspective.

_Bibliography of reference
R. Migliari, Geometria dei modelli, Kappa, Roma 2003.
R. Migliari, Geometria Descrittiva, 2 voll., CittàStudi, Novara 2009.
M. Docci, R. Migliari, Scienza della rappresentazione. Fondamenti e applicazioni della geometria descrittiva, NIS, Roma 1992.
AA.VV., Architettura moderna. L'avventura delle idee 1750-1980, a cura di V. Magnago Lampugnani, Electa, Milano 1985
L. Sacchi, L'idea di rappresentazione, Kappa, Roma 1994
A. De Rosa, A. Sgrosso. A. Giordano, La Geometria nell’immagine, UTET, Torino, 2002.
The aforementioned bibliography may be integrated.

Method of examination
The final interview is the synthesis of the theoretical and practical preparation matured by the student in the Descriptive Geometry Course 1. Students are reminded that at the aforementioned interview all the documents produced in each area and moment of the Course must be presented, on which the comparison.

Recommended Bibliography

R. Migliari, Geometria dei modelli, Kappa, Roma 2003.
M. Docci, R. Migliari, Scienza della rappresentazione. Fondamenti e applicazioni della geometria descrittiva, NIS, Roma 1992.
G. Spadafora, Fondamenti e applicazioni di Geometria Descrittiva, Franco Angeli, Milano, 2019.
These texts may be supplemented as necessary during the course.

Methods of Provision

Conventional

Teaching Methods

The topics of Descriptive Geometry and Digital Design will be developed in ten hours a week, including lectures, graphic applications and laboratory methodology to be carried out in the classroom. Students will carry out weekly exercises at home, and subjected to periodic review they will be part of a personal portfolio to be delivered to the exam. For the best outcome of the latter, weekly reviews of the documents will be fixed. A few hours will also be dedicated to the reading of historical images with communications accompanied by illustrations on relevant examples and which constitute a reference for the graphic representation. The contact between teacher and learner, as well as by e-mail, also takes place through the University website: http://elearning.unich.it/course/view.php?id=141
and the Microsoft Teams platform.

Evaluation methods

Verification of learning:

At the end of the lessons of both courses, students will be asked to verify what has been assumed, through graphic-theoretical exercises, bearing in mind that the respective evaluations will constitute the average of the final grade. Some of the materials produced will be commented on by the student at the time of the exam established on official dates by the specific University website, to which the student must register in time.
For course A under examination three drawings will be presented focusing on the three models (D.P.O., Axonometries, Perspectives) applied to a residential building of contemporary architecture, agreed with the teacher of Architectural Composition 1. Of this building, drawings will have to be reworked, elevations and sections with a graphic scale and create the aforementioned tables digitally. The in-depth study of scale and the use of the materials that make up the project will be carried out with the Materials teacher. On the work of the author of the project, an illustrated critical report on the forms of graphic communication adopted by them is requested, and the digital presentation before the end of the course.
For course B, the drawings to be presented for the exam will be those developed during the course and the final three relating to the projective models of a small-sized building chosen from those proposed by the teacher.

Contacts/More Information

Students are required to have a minimum of basic tools for manual drawing and the use of computers to follow the lessons and carry out the technical tables of the exercises. All the documents produced during the course, duly revised, must be presented at the final interview. For course B, students will be received by the teacher after the end of the lesson It should be borne in mind that the Descriptive Geometry course is coordinated with those of Architectural Composition 1, with Materials and design of construction elements and History of Architecture 1 converging on the theme of home.
The subdivision of the students enrolled between course A and course B takes place by registration number: the first course includes the even freshmen, the second the odd ones.

Università degli Studi
"G. d'Annunzio"

Chieti - Pescara

Aree