APPLIED BIOLOGY
To educate "critical method" and to the discussion through the description of experiments; acquisition of knowledge of the structures and principles for the unity of the different biological units in their energy and informational logic
describe the organization of the cells;
- illustrate the structure of biological membranes and cell-environment interactions;
- describe the processes of mitosis, meiosis, phase duration and cell cycle regulation;
- as part of the structure of Nucleic Acids, illustrate the general characteristics of DNA. Describe the flow of genetic information from one cellular generation to another and describe the replication and repair of DNA. Describe the various levels of DNA organization in the cell. Illustrate the organization of the genome and extracellular DNA;
- to illustrate the general characteristics of the RNA knowing how to describe the flow of information within the cell, demonstrating to have understood the mechanisms of Transcription, of the Genetic Code, of the Protein Synthesis;
- regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
- asexual and sexual reproduction. Spermatogenesis. Oogenesis. Fertilization
Nucleic acids - Cell organization: - Cell theory - Cell organization and dimensions - Cell study methods - Cells
prokaryotic and eukaryotic - Cell membranes - The cell nucleus - The cytoplasmic organelles - The cytoskeleton - The cellular coatings - The biological membranes: - The structure of biological membranes - The passage of materials through biological membranes - Passive transport - Active transport - Exocytosis and endocytosis - Cellular junctions - Cellular communication: - Cell signaling: an overview - Reception - Signal transduction - Signal responses - The evolution of cellular communication - Cell energetic processes: - Biological work - The laws of thermodynamics - Energy and metabolism - ATP, energy currency of the cell - The transfer of energy in redox rations - The transformation enzymes of aerobiosis and cellular anaerobiosis: - Redox reaction - The four stages of aerobic respiration - Anaerobic respiration and fermentation-The structure of the chromosomes and processes of mitosis and meiosis: - Eukaryotic chromosomes, The cell cycle and mitosis - The regulation of the cell cycle - Sexual reproduction and meiosis - The structure and replication of DNA: - The proof that DNA is the hereditary material - The structure of DNA - The replication of DNA - Gene expression: - The discovery of the gene-protein relationship- The transcription- The translation- The fraction of genetics under examination- Mutations-The mechanisms of gene regulation: - Gene regulation in bacteria and eukaryotes- - Viruses - Viroids and prions - The prokaryotes - The two prokaryotic domains - the asexual reproduction - spermatogenesis, ovogenesis, the fecundation
Solomon et al, Biology, EdiSeS Editore, 2017 Edition VII
Frontal lessons
The student's assessment includes an oral test, which will serve to demonstrate the knowledge of the program carried out, the logic followed by the student in solving the questions posed and the adequacy of the language, at the end will be given a vote expressed in thirtieth. The threshold minimum to pass the test is 18/30.
Applied Biology Module Dott.ssa Sara Franceschelli: University G. D'Annunzio, Tel. Tel. 0871-3554539 email: sara.franceschelli@unich.it