MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL BASES

Integrated educational activity

Course Sheet

Course code:

FIS11A2

Academic Year of enrolment:

2020

Year of supply:

2020/2021

Degree:

Course of 1st Cycle Degree in Physiotherapy

Language:

Italian

Moduls:

HUMAN ANATOMY - 3 credits
KINESIOLOGY - 1 credits
EMBRIOLOGY - 1 credits
ISTOLOGY - 2 credits

Location:

CHIETI

Credits:

Programme Year:

Cycle:

First semester

Hours of classroom activity:

Prerequisites:

For a correct and easier acquisition of the topics that will be deal with during the course it would be desirable for the student to understand the basic notions of Physics (osmosis, oncotic pressure, etc.), Chemistry and Biochemical Propedeutics (concept of ion, molecule, enzyme, etc.) and Biology and Genetics (nucleic acids, protides, lipids, glucides, cell and cellular organelles, mitosis and meiosis).
It is recommended to have first acquired the basic notions of anatomy and embryology of the same teaching course.

Objectives

At the end of the course the student will have to:
1) acquire an appropriate scientific terminology and a three-dimensional representation of the human body both in its surface characteristics and in its internal organization;
2) know the structure, function and regenerative potential of body tissues;
3) be able to evaluate the relationships among organs, viscera and connective tissues in each area, also through the knowledge of the embryological development modalities;
4) define the degree of articulation necessary for the functionality and know the degrees of movement necessary for the realization of daily activities; correlating the data obtained with the functional abilities of the patient and with the other physical measurements, a suitable treatment will be planned to recover or maintain the functional capabilities.

Contents

The course consists of the following modules:
1) HUMAN ANATOMY (3 CFU) that, with a systematic approach, will address the study of the single apparatuses and systems in which the human body can be divided and therefore of the organs and viscera that constitute those systems and apparatuses. At the same time, students will be provided with the basic notions for a topographic study, taking into consideration the large regions of the body in order to better evaluate the relationships among organs, viscera and connective tissues in each area. Organs and viscera will be considered in their macroscopic and microscopic structural features as they appear after dissection of the cadaver, after radiological examination and after observation of sections processed for light microscopy. The acquisitions will be finally integrated with elements of functional anatomy and clinical anatomy to avoid a too sectorial view of the subject.
2) HISTOLOGY (2 CFU) that will take into consideration the structural, ultrastructural characteristics and the regenerative potential of human cells and tissues.
3) EMBRYOLOGY (1 CFU) that will take into consideration the mechanisms of cell differentiation and body development.
4) CHINESIOLOGY (1 CFU) which will consider the principles and methodology of evaluation of joint excursion, flexibility and muscle strength, important tools in the practice of physiotherapist, constituting significant elements in the clinical evaluation of a patient with musculoskeletal problems.

Extended Syllabus

HUMAN ANATOMY
Introduction to the study of human anatomy.
Tegumentary system.
Skeletal structure.
Joints.
Muscular system.
Endocrine system.
The heart.
Blood vessels and circle.
Lymphatic system.
Respiratory System.
Digestive system (outline).
Urinary system (outline).
Genital apparatus (outline).

HISTOLOGY and EMBRYOLOGY

HISTOLOGY
The eukaryotic cell: nucleus and cytoplasm general organization; basic techniques for studying the cell.
Cell differentiation and organization of cells in tissues.
Epithelial tissue: morphology and general characteristics of epithelial tissues. Epithelial tissue types: coating epithelia, exocrine glandular epithelia, endocrine glandular epithelia.
Connective tissue: morphology and general characteristics of connective tissues (cells, fibers, amorphous substance). Types of connective tissue: connective properly called (lax, dense), supporting connective tissue (cartilage, bone), connective tissue with trophic function (blood, adipose tissue). Process of formation, growth and bone remodeling. Basic concepts on lymphoid tissues and immune system.
Muscle tissue: morphology and general characteristics of muscle tissues. Types of muscle tissue: striated skeletal, cardiac streaked, smooth.
Nervous tissue: morphology and general characteristics of neurons and neuroglia cells. Types of neurons (morphological and functional classification). Types of nerve fibers and regeneration mechanisms. Types of neuroglia cells. Structure and types of synapses. Driving plate.

EMBRYOLOGY
Gametogenesis. Ovary cycle and menstrual cycle. Fertilization: modifications of the gametes; histophysiology of fertilization; zygote and cell differentiation.
First week of development: segmentation; morula; blastocyst; embryoblast and trophoblast.
2nd week of development: implantation; bilaminar disk; evolution of the trophoblast.
3rd week of development: notochord; formation of the three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm); definition of body shape and body axes.
4th week of development: development and derivatives of the ectoderm (neural tube and encephalic vesicles, stomodea); development and derivatives of the mesoderm (paraxial, intermediate and lateral mesoderm, somites, mesenchyme); development and derivatives of the endoderm (primitive intestine, anterior gut and pharyngeal intestine: furrows, arches and gill pouches).
Human placenta.

KINESIOLOGY
The movement: organizational aspect
Socket techniques
Upper and lower limb articular assessment (shoulder and elbow) e trunk (whole spine and lumbar spine)
Mono and bi-articular muscles: basic concepts
Muscle test: patient postures, fixation, stiffness, evaluation, examination of muscles in some gestures.
Muscle test: trunk, shoulder, elbow, hip, knee.

Recommended Bibliography

HUMAN ANATOMY
Human Anatomy, Martini Timmons, EdiSES
Human Anatomy, Ambrosi, Edi-Ermes

HISTOLOGY
Elements of Histology, Di Pietro, EdiSES
Compendium of Histology, Junqueira, Piccin

EMBRYOLOGY
Human prenatal development, Moore-Persaud, EdiSES
Embryology, Barbieri Carinci, Zanichelli
Human Embryology, De Felici, Piccin

CHINESIOLOGY
Functional Anatomy. I. A. Kapandji (Three volumes) Translator: Marguier M.-C. Curator: P. A. Pagani Editor: Monduzzi
Muscles functions and tests. F. Kendall, E. Kendall McCreary Editor: Verduci 2

Teaching Methods

Lectures with movies and animations. Use of anatomical models. Simulation of clinical cases.

Evaluation methods

Verification of learning:

Oral interview.

Contacts/More Information

STUDENTS ASSISTANCE

HUMAN ANATOMY
Prof. Paola Lanuti
Wednesday 11:00-13:00
c/o Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Via Luigi Polacchi 11, 66100 Chieti
e-mail p.lanuti@unich.it

HISTOLOGY
Dr. Silvia Sancilio
Thursday: 2.30 pm to 4.30 pm
Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences,
Section of Biomorphology,
Building D, Level 1
Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti (CH)
Tel. 0871 3554513
Fax 0871 3554568
e-mail s.sancilio@unich.it

EMBRYOLOGY
Prof. Roberta Di Pietro (Coordinator of I.C.)
Thursday: 2.30 pm to 5.30 pm
c/o Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences,
Section of Biomorphology,
Building D, Level 1
Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti
Tel. 0871 3554567; fax 0871 3554568
e-mail r.dipietro@unich.it

KINESIOLOGY
Dr. Giovanni Barassi
Monday and Friday 9:00-13:00
c / o CUMS, Viale Abruzzo, 322, 66013 Chieti Scalo
e-mail giovannibarassi@libero.it
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