VOLCANOLOGY AND VOLCANIC HAZARD

Single discipline educational activity

Course Sheet

Course code:

GE314

Academic Year of enrolment:

2022

Year of supply:

2022/2023

Type of Course:

Characterising

Degree:

Course of 2nd Cycle Degree in GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES OF EARTH AND PLANETS

Disciplinary Sector:

Geochemistry and Volcanology

Language:

Italian

Location:

CHIETI

Credits:

Programme Year:

Professor and Collaborators:

STOPPA Francesco

Cycle:

Second semester

Hours of classroom activity:

Individual study hours:

Prerequisites:

Knowledge of petrography and mineralogy.

Objectives

After reviewing the basics of petrographic classification systems and the physico-chemical properties of magmas, as well as the role played by volatiles in the genesis and ascent of magmas, the Volcanology and Volcanic Risk course provides students with an in-depth look at key aspects of volcanology. We focus on volcanic morphologies, volcanic deposits, effusive and explosive volcanism, types of eruptions, submarine volcanism, glaciovolcanism and volcanic risk.

In addition to this, the course lays the foundations for volcanological surveying, through the various field activities proposed (Provincia Comagmatica Romana, Monte Vulture), and the foundations for the study of geo-resources from volcanic mineral deposits.

Contents

1. Introduction: magma, its physical properties and the role of volatiles, chemical properties, indices of differentiation, classification of igneous rocks.
2. Volcanic morphologies: polygenetic and monogenetic volcanoes.
3. Effusive volcanism: lava flows.
4. Effusive volcanism: lava domes.
5. Submarine volcanism.
6. Glaciovolcanism.
7. Basaltic volcanic fields.
8. Explosive volcanism: magmatic fragmentation, magma-water interaction, phreatomagmatic fragmentation.
9. Explosive volcanism: VEI index and eruption types.
10. Volcanic risk.
11. Italian Magmatic Provinces.

Extended Syllabus

1. Introduction: magma, its physical properties and the role of volatiles, chemical properties, indices of differentiation, classification of igneous rocks.
2. Volcanic morphologies: polygenetic and monogenetic volcanoes, central and linear volcanism; polygenetic volcanism: stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, mid-ocean ridges, submarine volcanoes, calderas; monogenetic volcanism: slag cones and cinder cones, maar and tuff rings.
3. Effusive volcanism: lava flows: formation of lava flows; types of lava; internal and thermal structure of a lava; inflation phenomenon; distribution systems.
4. Effusive volcanism: lava domes: types of lava domes; structures and textures of a lava dome; dynamics and extrusion mechanisms of a lava dome; risk associated with lava domes
5. Submarine volcanism: mafic submarine lavas; hyaloclastite and peperite; felsic submarine lavas: coherent facies and autoclastic facies; example of research on a submarine volcano.
6. Glaciovolcanism: the basaltic tuya paradigm; glaciovolcanic morphologies and facies; glaciovolcanism as a volcanic proxy; types of glaciovolcanic eruptions; physical constraints on glaciovolcanic processes.
7. Basaltic volcanic fields: general characteristics; products of basaltic volcanic fields; influencing factors on spatial distribution; temporal recurrence rate; risk analysis.
8. Explosive volcanism: magmatic fragmentation, magma-water interaction, phreatomagmatic fragmentation: types and processes of magmatic fragmentation; dynamics of magma ascent in the conduit; products of magmatic fragmentation; magma-water interaction.
9. Explosive volcanism: VEI index and types of eruption: Hawaiian eruptions, Strombolian eruptions, Vulcan eruptions; Plinian and Subplinian eruptions; phreatomagmatic eruptions.
10. Volcanic risk: description of phenomena associated with volcanic eruptions; alert levels; emergency planning; volcanic risk in Italy.
11. Italian Magmatic Provinces: Tuscan magmatic province; intra-Apennine magmatic province; Ernici-Roccamonfina magmatic province; Roman magmatic province; Campanian magmatic province; Lucanian magmatic province; Aeolian magmatic province; Tyrrhenian Sea area magmatic province; Sicilian magmatic province; Sardinian magmatic province.

Recommended Bibliography

Slides provided during lectures.

“Encyclopidia of Volcanoes” (Editor in Chied Haraldur Sigurdsson)
“Volcanism” (Hans-Ulrich Schimincke)
“Volcanoes: a Planetary Perspective” (Peter Francis)
“Volcanic Successions: Modern and Ancient” (R.A.F. Cas and J.V. Wright)

“Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology, Second Edition” (Anthony R. Philipotts and Jay J. Ague)
“Essential of Igneous and Metamorfich Petrology” (B. Ronald Frost and Carol D. Frost)

Methods of Provision

Conventional

Teaching Methods

1. Lectures.
2. Practical laboratory exercises.
3. Field activities.

Evaluation methods

Verification of learning:

1. Written examination.
2. Oral examination with discussion of a paper relating to the field activity.

Università degli Studi
"G. d'Annunzio"

Chieti - Pescara

Aree