2 credits: Purpose of Analytical Chemistry. Phases of the chemical-analytical procedure. Classification of analysis methods. Experimental data processing. Average value of a series of data, fashion and median. Standard deviation and relative standard deviation. Systematic, random and gross errors. Absolute error and relative error. Source and treatment of systematic errors in analytical chemistry. Statistical treatment of random error. Gauss probability distributions and Student's t. Average confidence intervals. Accuracy and precision. Exercises.
4 ECTS: Sample preparation techniques for the determination of inorganic and organic analytes, pollutants in the determination of heavy metals, pesticides, aromatic compounds, organic solvents. Air pollutants. Emerging pollutants, drugs (antibiotics, anticancer agents, antidepressants, hormones) and their metabolites. Endocrine modulators, plasticizers, PCBs. Personal care products. Fragrances, insecticides, glyphosate. Microplastics, metallic nanoparticles. Polluting mixtures. Electromagnetic radiation. Origin of emission and absorption spectra. Sources, monochromators and radiation detectors. Molecular absorption spectrophotometry in the Visible / UV. The absorption spectra of molecules. Relationship between absorption and molecular structure. Lambert-Beer law. Spectrophotometers and their calibration. Spectrophotometric analysis of a single substance. Mixture analysis. Spectrophotometric titrations. Luminescence and Chemiluminescence. Fluorescence and phosphorescence. Fluorimetry. Exercises. Atomic spectroscopy: general aspects. Atomization systems. Quantitative reports and calibration straight lines. Emission spectroscopy. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AA) on flame and electro atomizer. Atomic emission with plasma atomizers. Mass spectrometry and its applications in the environmental field in the determination of xenobiotics (LC-MS, LC-MS / MS). ICP-MS. Introduction to chromatographic separations: general principles. Classification of chromatographic methods. Chromatographic parameters: retention time, retention factor and selectivity, resolution. Chromatography column efficiency: number of theoretical plates, equivalent height of a theoretical plate. Van Deemter equation. Bandwidth expansion. Variables that influence chromatographic efficiency. Qualitative and quantitative analysis by chromatography. Exercises. Principles of gas chromatography (GC). Isocratic and gradient chromatography. High and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC, UPLC), instrumentation and detectors.