The teaching course contributes to the educational objectives related to the degree course in the sciences of physical and sport activities. It initiates the student to understand the response processes of healthy tissues to pathogenic stimuli of physical, chemical and infectious origin, which, exceeding the biological limit, trigger cell death and the state of disease. Particular attention is therefore paid to the effects of cellular and tissue stress, to adaptive aspects, to the inflammatory and repair response of damaged tissues.
Knowledge and understanding
On completion of the study, the student must demonstrate that he understands the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie the onset and development of a state of illness. It must also know the mechanisms activated by the body in response to harmful events for the purpose of restoring body homeostasis with particular reference to physical activity. It will also be necessary to demonstrate essential knowledge on the biological actions of hormones and the role of the endocrine system in the processes of homeostatic adaptation, with particular regard to physical exercise.
The teaching is devoted to educate the student to understanding
- the intrinsic and extrinsic causes that contribute to the homeostasis loss and of the efficient organization of the human organism.
- the mechanisms responsible for safeguarding the state of health and to the onset of the pathological processes that induce a state of illness.
At the end of the course the student will have to demonstrate the mastery of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the onset and development of a disease state; he will also have to know the mechanisms activated by the body in response to harmful events for the restoration of body homeostasis with particular reference to the performance of sports activities. The knowledge provided helps to maintain and improve the state of health as well as the prevention of pathological states, in subjects who practice an active lifestyle.
For these purposes the student must know:
- the damage mechanisms induced by environmental factors
- the defence mechanisms activated by the organism for the maintenance of functional homeostasis.
- the function of the acute and chronic inflammatory response
- the causes and mechanisms of alteration of thermal homeostasis and the onset of febrile states
- the causes and mechanisms of alteration of body fluids and acid-base balance (PH) and the onset of the pathological states related to them.
Autonomy of judgment.
At the end of the course the student will have to demonstrate that he can apply the knowledge
acquired with particular reference to muscular and sports activities using the due
Appropriateness of language.
In taking the exam, the student must demonstrate that he has understood the physiopathological mechanisms underlying the onset and development of a disease state; he will also have to know the defence mechanisms activated by the body in response to harmful events from physical, chemical and infectious causes for the purpose of restoring body homeostasis with particular reference to physical activity.
The student must have acquired such knowledge to be able to formulate an autonomous description of the required topic, demonstrating a correct and precise use of technical-scientific terminology. In this way, the learning skills can be spent both in the future disciplines of the course of study and in specialized in-depth courses, in the field of physical exercise and sports, devoted to maintaining the state of health and the prevention of diseases.