PHYSICS, BASIC INFORMATICS AND STATISTICS

Integrated educational activity

Course Sheet

Course code:

DIE11A11

Academic Year of enrolment:

2020

Year of supply:

2020/2021

Degree:

Course of 1st Cycle Degree in DIETISTIC

Moduls:

PHYSICS AND BASIC INFORMATICS - 4 credits
STATISTICS FOR EXPERIMENTAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH - 2 credits
MEDICAL STATISTICS - 2 credits

Location:

CHIETI

Credits:

Programme Year:

Cycle:

First semester

Hours of classroom activity:

Prerequisites:

The proposed program will also allow students who have not previously matured
Disciplinary knowledge to achieve the training objectives indicated. There are therefore no prerequisites, but we recommend a knowledge of the notions of mathematics present in all high school programs.

Objectives

The general aims of this course are:

make students aware of the usefulness of the statistical method in order to take decisions on a rational basis and to critically evaluate information from scientific literature, concerning analyses of data collected in Biomedical and health sector, and to rationally justify some diagnostic procedures and some indicators of health care and the evaluation of service activities.

At the end of the course students should be able:
To use epidemiological and bio-statistical tools for a better understanding of biomedical information and for improving medical decision making.
INTERMEDIATE TARGETS
At the end of the course students should be able to:
Organize collected data;
• Construct and interpret graphs;
• Describe the differences between the different measuring scales;
• To calculate the most common indices of central trend and variability of the data;
• Analyze frequency distribution curves;
• Use some inferential statistical techniques.
Autonomy of Judgement: At the end of the course students should be able to reading articles related to topics related to the CdS with significant content of biostatistics.
Communication skills: At the end of the course students should be able to use the technical language of medical statistics

Provide students with the fundamentals of Physics needed for carrying out their future activities, with particular regard to understanding the physical principles underlying the functioning and use of the equipment necessary for the control and detection of living matter phenomena in the biological and medical context. Allow the students to acquire the basic preparation for the correct use of this instrumentation.

Contents

This course aims at providing the students with the folllowing fundamental knowledge:
Research in the biomedical field
Medical statistics for the analysis of biomedical data and the interpretation of the phenomena analysed.
Statics and fluid dynamics. Thermodynamics. Overview of Electrostatics and electrodynamics. Mechanical and electromagnetic waves. Applications to instruments and biological phenomena of interest to dieticians. Overview on the functions of the spreadsheets.

Extended Syllabus

Evaluation of diagnostic tests. Sensitivity definitions (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive values (VPP), and negative (VPN).
• Techniques of determination of the curves ROC
• Elements of probability calculation. Definition of probability. Calculation of the probabilities of mutually exclusive, independent and conditioned events.
• Critical reading of articles related to topics related to the CdS with significant content of biostatistics.

Purposes and methods of statistical analysis; Statistical characters and classification.
• Data synthesis Tools: absolute, relative, cumulated frequencies; Arrangement and organization of data in tables; Frequency distributions.
• Main graphical representations: orthograms, circular field diagrams, histograms, frequency polygons, scatter diagrams.
• Central trend indices: Arithmetic mean and its properties, mode and median, Terzili, quartiles and percentiles.
• Variability indices: range, deviance, variance, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. Box-Plot.
• Frequency distribution curves. Symmetry indices.
• Normal distribution, standardized normal distribution.
• Confidence interval for an arithmetic mean and for a proportion.
• Concept of statistical hypothesis testing.
• Relationship between two qualitative characters: the Chi-squared test as a measure of association between two qualitative variables, the chi-squared with the correction of Yates for the continuity, the exact Fisher test.
• Student T-test for independent samples and student T-test for paired samples.
• Relationship between two quantitative characters: regression analysis and correlation analysis
• Critical reading of articles related to topics related to the CdS with significant content of biostatistics.

Introduction to physics - Physical quantities and their measurement units - Physical dimensions - Scalar and vector quantities - Vector components- Operations with vectors: sum, difference, scalar product.

Overview on the particle kinematics: Reference systems - Rectilinear motion and curvilinear motion: position, velocity and acceleration.

Overview on the particle dynamics: Newton's laws - Inertial reference systems - Applications of Newton's laws: weight force, friction forces, reaction forces, elastic forces.

Work and energy: Work of a force - Power - Kinetic energy - Theorem of live forces - Conservative forces - Potential energy - Conservation of mechanical energy.

Ideal and real fluids: Density and pressure - Fluids in static conditions: the principle of Pascal, the law of hydrostatics, the principle of Archimedes. Pressure gauges. Fluids in dynamic conditions: flow rate and continuity equation. Bernoulli equation and applications: aneurysm and stenosis. Viscosity, Poiseville equation: blood flow and circulation in the human body. Estimate of the daily work of the heart. Breathing and lung work.

Thermology and Thermodynamics: Temperature - State of a thermodynamic system - Equation of state of ideal gases - Kinetic-molecular theory and definition of temperature - Thermal expansion, thermal capacity and specific heats - Heat transfer - Work - Cycles - First principle and overview on the second principle of Thermodynamics. Isochoric, isobaric, isothermal and adiabatic thermodynamic transformations. Applications: Thermometric scales and bulb thermometers (mercury, alcohol), gas thermometers, bimetallic foil thermometers, densimeters, infrared thermometers. General characteristics of a thermometer. Calorimeter and calorimetric bomb. Application of the I principle of thermodynamics to metabolism.

Electrostatics and electrodynamics: Electric charge. Coulomb's law. The electric field. Electrical potential and potential difference. The electric current. Electrical resistance and Ohm's law. Applications: resistance thermometers, thermistors, thermocouples. Electrostatic capacity and capacitors. Series and parallel resistors. Series and parallel capacitors. Alternating current, capacitive reactance. Series RC circuit as a function of frequency. Impedance and phasors. Bioimpedance

Mechanical waves: longitudinal and transverse waves, wave intensity. Huygens’ principle, reflection and refraction (Snell's law). Effects of refraction and reflection for mechanical waves in different media. Maximum angle and total reflection. Ultrasound method: absorption, diffusion, axial and transverse resolution. Piezoelectric probes. Formation of A mode, B mode, M mode images. Example of adipometer and of the related images.
Electromagnetic waves: physical principles underlying chromatography and spectrophotometry.
Overview on Excel.

Recommended Bibliography

Copy of the slides used during the lessons and bibliographic material available on-line on the site www.biostatistica.unich.it
Copy of the slides used during the lessons and bibliographic material available on-line on the site www.biostatistica.unich.it
• J Fowler, P Jarvis, M Chevannes. STATISTICA PER LE PROFESSIONI SANITARIE. EdiSES
D. Giancoli, “Fisica”, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana
J.S. Walker, "Fondamenti di Fisica", Pearson

Teaching Methods

The teaching is structured in 20 hours of frontal didactics, each lesson will be divided into two parts. A first part in which will be presented the topic of the lesson and in a second part in which will be proposed by the teacher of the exercises that allow to verify the practical application of the topics treated in a theoretical way.

Evaluation methods

Verification of learning:

Medical Statistics and Statistics for experimental research:
The verification of the preparation of the students will be done by written examination composed of multiple answer questions and/or exercises that allow to verify the practical application of the subjects covered. The total points (30) will be divided on the basis of the questions present on the task and reported on the text in relation to each individual test question. There is no oral test.
The duration of the test is 30 minutes.
The teaching methodology and the methods of verification will be presented by the teacher at the beginning of the course.
Physics and basics of informatics:
The evaluation method consists of oral examination and the topics
under examination will reflect those discussed during the lessons and
present in the program. Specifically, both the topics on the basic principles and the application of these topics to the analysis techniques applied during this course of study, will be eaminated. The exam mode and the evaluation method will
be indicated by the teacher at the beginning of the course. The
evaluation will be based on the knowledge of the topics covered by the
exam questions and the students? logical-argumentative skills. For the
purpose of the evaluation, the quality of the oral presentation will
also be taken into consideration with particular reference to the
competence in the use of the specialized lexicon.

The final grade is
calculated as the weigthed average by CFU of the individual modules (with a score
equal or superior to 18/30) included in the integrated course.

Contacts/More Information

Students will be received by the teacher by appointment to be agreed by e-mail to the address marta.dinicola@unich.it

Consulting following request sent to email stefania.dellapenna@itab.unich.it

Università degli Studi
"G. d'Annunzio"

Chieti - Pescara

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